September 20, 2023: This Day in History

September 20, 480 BC: The Greeks defeated the Persians in the Battle of Salamis in the Aegean Sea.

September 20, 383: The Battle of Fei River took place.

September 20, 1013: The book "Records of Emperors and Ministers" was completed and renamed "Cefu Yuangui".

September 20, 1519: Portuguese navigator Magellan began his circumnavigation.

September 20, 1644: The Qing Shunzhi Emperor departed from Shengjing and moved the capital to Beiping (Beijing), making Shenyang the secondary capital.

September 20, 1792: French Revolutionary forces decisively defeated the Prussian and Austrian interventionist army near Valmy in the Marne department.

September 20, 1854: In the Crimean War, the allied British and French forces defeated the Russian army in the Battle of Alma.

September 20, 1863: The British and American concessions in Shanghai officially merged, becoming the "International Settlement".

September 20, 1865: Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang established the Jiangnan Arsenal.

September 20, 1912: Yuan Shikai ordered nationwide veneration of Confucius.

September 20, 1927: The Nationalist Party's Ning, Han, and Hu factions achieved unification.

September 20, 1932: Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the Indian independence movement, began a hunger strike in prison.

September 20, 1946: France held its first Cannes Film Festival.

September 20, 1950: Mao Zedong issued an order announcing the emblem of the People's Republic of China, its description, and usage. September 20, 1951: The Ministry of Education convened the first national conference on ethnic education in Beijing.

September 20, 1954: The Constitution of the People's Republic of China was promulgated and implemented.

September 20, 1956: Lhasa Middle School opened, the first middle school in Tibet, with over 1,400 students.

September 20, 1957: The Third Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held.

September 20, 1958: University of Science and Technology of China was founded, with Guo Moruo, president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, serving as its president.

September 20, 1958: China's first aircraft, the Beijing-1 light transport mechanism, was completed.

September 20, 1963: President Kennedy proposed US-Soviet joint lunar exploration at the UN General Assembly.

September 20, 1965: The National Palace Museum in Taipei was established.

September 20, 1981: China successfully launched three satellites with one rocket.

September 20, 1985: Dong Guisen, the murderer of Jiang Nan, was apprehended in Brazil.

September 20, 1986: China's first modern offshore oil platform was completed.

September 20, 1986: The 10th Asian Games opened in Seoul, with China winning 94 gold medals and ranking first.

September 20, 1987: Wang Yunfeng and others sent China's first email to the University of Karlsruhe in West Germany, marking China's first contact with the internet.

September 20, 1989: The United States sent troops to quell riots in the Virgin Islands.

September 20, 1991: A nationwide cleanup of "triangle debts" was launched.

September 20, 1994: The International Convention on Nuclear Safety was signed.

September 20, 1998: The Chinese Chess Online Open Tournament began.

September 20, 1999: The first batch of UN peacekeeping troops entered East Timor.

September 20, 2001: The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Outline for Implementing Civic Moral Construction".

September 20, 2004: 25 students at the First Experimental Primary School in Ju County, Shandong Province, were injured by a knife-wielding assailant who broke into the school.

September 20, 2008: A fire at the Shenzhen Longgang Club resulted in 44 deaths.